Retinal Laser Treatment
Overview
Laser is a high energy beam of light that can be used to cut or burn to treat eye disease. Burning laser can be used to treat leakage, new blood vessels or retinal tears. Cutting laser can be used to treat secondary cataracts or to perform refractive surgery. Laser treatments take only a few minutes. No special care is needed after most laser treatments. A special type of laser called photodynamic therapy (PDT) does require special care. An individual receiving PDT cannot be exposed to sunlight or intense lights for at least 48 hours or they are risk of developing a skin burn.
What is laser treatment?
Laser treatment is a common and effective procedure used to treat many eye diseases, particularly those affecting the retina.
LASER stands for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. It uses a high-energy beam of light to target specific areas of the eye, either cutting or sealing tissue to protect your vision.
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The primary goal of retinal laser treatment is to preserve your existing vision and prevent further damage caused by disease. In most cases, laser treatment will not improve your vision but works to stop your condition from getting worse. Your doctor will explain if any improvement is expected based on your diagnosis.
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Laser treatment is commonly used for:
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Retinal tears or holes
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Diabetic retinopathy
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Retinal vein occlusion
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Certain types of macular edema
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Other retinal conditions
What should I expect during the procedure?
Your eye will be numbed with drops, and your pupil will be dilated. In some cases, a local anesthetic injection may be used to freeze the entire eye.
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During the procedure:
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You’ll sit at the laser machine with your head resting on a support.
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A special contact lens is placed on your eye to help focus the laser.
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The laser is directed through your pupil—there are no incisions or cuts.
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You may see flashes of light and feel mild discomfort or an aching sensation.
The procedure typically takes 5 to 15 minutes and is performed in a dimly lit room. Staying calm and still helps ensure accurate treatment.
What should I expect after the procedure?
Once the laser treatment is complete:
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Your vision may be blurry for 5 to 30 minutes.
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Sensitivity to light is common while your pupils are dilated—sunglasses can help.
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You can go home right after the procedure but should arrange for someone to drive you.
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No eye patch is needed unless you received an anesthetic injection.
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Over-the-counter pain relief like Tylenol can be taken if you experience any aching or irritation.
Follow-up visits are important to monitor healing and determine if additional treatments are needed.
What are possible side effects and risks?
Laser treatment is a proven, safe method to reduce the risk of severe vision loss. However, some temporary or mild side effects may occur:
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Blurry vision from swelling in the retina, usually temporary
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Potential loss of peripheral vision or reduced night vision with extensive treatment
Your doctor will discuss any risks specific to your condition and treatment plan.
What are the limitations of laser treatment?
For patients receiving laser treatment to seal a retinal tear, it’s important to understand that laser will not remove floaters or haziness in your vision. These symptoms are caused by blood, pigment, or other debris in the eye. Typically, floaters improve on their own over a month or two.